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Use of Cotton Buds and Its Complications - Kumar, S., Ahmed, S.

ABSTRACT

Objective

To evaluate the complications and effects produced by use of cotton bud tip in the ear for cleaning.

Study Design

Descriptive study.

Place & Duration of study

This study was conducted from July 2005 to January 2007 at ENT Department, Sir Syed Medical College & Hospital Karachi.

Patients and methods

All patients having history of use of cotton buds were included. A thorough examination with aural speculum and auroscope was done. Few were examined with the help of microscope. Aural toilet was done by sucking out pus and with dry moping. Hearing assessment done primarily with tuning fork with 512HZ frequency. Pure tone audiometry used in selected cases.

Results

Out of 100 patients 58 were males and 42 females with the mean age of 38.5 years (range from 7 years to 73 years). The most common complication / effect was unspecified itching in the ear in 34 cases, followed by otitis externa in 23, otomycosis in 15, trauma in the external auditory canal in 9, impacted wax medially leading to decreased hearing in 6, cotton tip foreign body in 5, boil in 4 and traumatic tympanic membrane perforation in 4 cases.

Conclusions

Use of cotton buds tip and match sick can lead to lot of complications including trauma to external auditory canal and tympanic membrane which can lead to perforation resulting in deafness. It should be avoided for the purpose of cleaning ears.

Link: http://www.jsp.org.pk/Issues/JSP%2013-3%20July%20-%20September%202008/SURESH%20KUMAR%20USE%20OF%20COTTON.pdf

Unfortunate First Names: Effects of Name-Based Relational Devaluation and Interpersonal Neglect - Gebauer, J.E., Leary, M.R., Neberich, W.

ABSTRACT

Can negative first names cause interpersonal neglect? Study 1 (N = 968) compared extremely negatively named online-daters with extremely positively named online-daters. Study 2 (N = 4,070) compared less extreme groups—namely, online-daters with somewhat unattractive versus somewhat attractive first names. Study 3 (N = 6,775) compared online-daters with currently popular versus currently less popular first names, while controlling for name-popularity at birth. Across all studies, negatively named individuals were more neglected by other online-daters, as indicated by fewer first visits to their dating profiles. This form of neglect arguably mirrors a name-based life history of neglect, discrimination, prejudice, or even ostracism. Supporting this argument, neglect mediated the relation between negative names and lower self-esteem, more frequent smoking, and less education. These results are consistent with the name-based interpersonal neglect hypothesis: Negative names evoke negative interpersonal reactions, which in turn influence people’s life outcomes for the worse.

Link: http://spp.sagepub.com/content/early/2011/12/22/1948550611431644.abstract

Harry Potter and the curse of headache - Sheftell, F., Steiner, T.J., Thomas, H.

ABSTRACT

“Headache disorders are common in children and adolescents. Even young male Wizards are disabled by them. In this article we review Harry Potter’s headaches as described in the biographical series by JK Rowling. Moreover, we attempt to classify them. Regrettably we are not privy to the Wizard system of classifying headache disorders and are therefore limited to the Muggle method, the International Classification of Headache Disorders, 2nd edition (ICHD-II). Harry’s headaches are recurrent. Although conforming to a basic stereotype, and constant in location, throughout the 6 years of his adolescence so far described they have shown a tendency to progression. Later descriptions include a range of accompanying symptoms. Despite some quite unusual features, they meet all but one of the ICHD-II criteria for migraine, so allowing the diagnosis of 1.6 Probable migraine.”

Link: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17578544

F#!% Rudeness: Predicting the Propensity to Verbally Abuse Strangers - Ickes, W., Park, A., Robinson, R.

ABSTRACT

In an online survey study (n = 275), several demographic and personality variables were used to predict scores on the Rudeness Scale, a new measure of the propensity to verbally abuse strangers. The results of multiple regression analyses revealed a number of significant main effects. These effects revealed that the people in the authors’ sample who reported the greatest propensity to verbally abuse strangers were Hispanic/Latino or Black individuals who scored low in adherence to the standards of conventional morality but high in ego defensiveness (unwillingness to accept criticism or correction from others) and affect intensity for anger and frustration. The authors’ interpretation of the findings combines insights derived from Swann’s self-verification theory, contrasting views of ego defensiveness, and Larsen et al.’s work on affect intensity with a dispositional view of verbal rudeness that emphasizes its use as a weapon in interpersonal struggles for power, status, and “face.”

Link: http://jls.sagepub.com/content/early/2011/11/21/0261927X11425036.full.pdf+html

Personal space invasions in the lavatory: suggestive evidence for arousal. - Middlemist, R.D., Knowles, E.S., Matter, C.F.

ABSTRACT

The hypothesis that personal space invasions produce arousal was investigated in a field experiment. A men’s lavatory provided a setting where norms for privacy were salient, where personal space invasions could occur in the case of men urinating, where the opportunity for compensatory responses to invasion were minimal, and where proximity-induced arousal could be measured. Research on micturation indicates that social stressors inhibit relaxation of the external urethral sphincter, which would delay the onset of micturation, and that they increase intravesical pressure, which would shorten the duration of micturation once begun. Sixty lavatory users were randomly assigned to one of three levels of interpersonal distance and their micturation times were recorded. In a three-urinal lavatory, a confederate stood immediately adjacent to a subject, one urinal removed, or was absent. Paralleling the results of a correlational pilot study, close interpersonal distances increased the delay of onset and decreased the persistence of micturation. These findings provide objective evidence that personal space invasions produce physiological changes associated with arousal.

Link: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1271224

(via @contraculto)

Partner wealth predicts self-reported orgasm frequency in a sample of Chinese women - Pollet, T.V., Nettle, D.

ABSTRACT

There has been considerable speculation about the adaptive significance of the human female orgasm, with one hypothesis being that it promotes differential affiliation or conception with high-quality males. We investigated the relationship between women’s self-reported orgasm frequency and the characteristics of their partners in a large representative sample from the Chinese Health and Family Life Survey. We found that women report more frequent orgasms the higher their partner’s income is. This result cannot be explained by possible confounds such as women’s age, health, happiness, educational attainment, relationship duration, wealth difference between the partners, difference between the partners in educational attainment, and regional location. It appears consistent with the view that female orgasm has an evolved adaptive function.

Link: http://www.ehbonline.org/article/S1090-5138(08)00117-7/abstract

Expletives of lower working-class women - Hughes, S.

ABSTRACT

For many decades, women’s speech has been seen as being very different from that used by men. Stereotyped as swearing less, using less slang, and as aiming for more standard speech style, women were judged according to their sex rather than other aspects of their lives, such as class and economic situation. With many critics now challenging these ideas, this article sets out to look at the reality of the swearing used by a group of women from a deprived inner-city area. Their constant use of strong expletives flies in the face of the theories proffered of the “correctness” of the language of women.

Link: http://www.jstor.org/pss/4168347

Unskilled and Unaware of It: How Difficulties in Recognizing One’s Own Incompetence Lead to Inflated Self-Assessments - Kruger, J., Dunning, D.

ABSTRACT

People tend to hold overly favorable views of their abilities in many social and intellectual domains. The authors suggest that this overestimation occurs, in part, because people who are unskilled in these domains suffer a dual burden: Not only do these people reach erroneous conclusions and make unfortunate choices, but their incompetence robs them of the metacognitive ability to realize it. Across 4 studies, the authors found that participants scoring in the bottom quartile on tests of humor, grammar, and logic grossly overestimated their test performance and ability. Although their test scores put them in the 12th percentile, they estimated themselves to be in the 62nd. Several analyses linked this miscalibration to deficits in metacognitive skill, or the capacity to distinguish accuracy from error. Paradoxically, improving the skills of participants, and thus increasing their metacognitive competence, helped them recognize the limitations of their abilities.

Link (PDF): http://people.psych.cornell.edu/~dunning/publications/pdf/unskilledandunaware.pdf

I can haz speech play: The construction of language and identity in LOLspeak - Gawne, L., Vaughan, J.

ABSTRACT

LOLspeak is a complex and systematic reimagining of the English language. It is most often associated with the popular, productive and long-lasting internet meme ‘LOLcats’. This style of English is characterised by the simultaneous playful manipulation of multiple levels of language in order to perform an authentic ‘cat’ voice, and serves both as an entertaining in-group practice and as a cultural index which is recruited in the construction of identity.

Using community-generated web content as a corpus, we analyse some of the common speech play strategies (Sherzer 2002) used in LOLspeak, which include morphological reanalysis, atypical sentence structure and lexical playfulness. The linguistic variety that emerges from these manipulations displays collaboratively constructed norms and tendencies providing a standard which may be meaningfully adhered to or subverted by users.

Building on this, we use Bucholtz and Hall’s (e.g. 2005) interactional and ethnographic approach to linguistic analysis to examine how the speech play strategies used by participants allow for the simultaneous construction of two identities: firstly the identities of the cats that they claim to be speaking for, and secondly their own identity as savvy members of an online community of practice (Jones & Schieffelin 2009).

Presentación: http://vimeo.com/33318759